Shortleaf Spikesedge (Global Sedge Identification)
Cyperus echinatus · Warm-season Perennial Sedge (C4 metabolism)
Grass Family
Cyperaceae (Sedge Family)
Grass Category
Native Prairie / Wetland / Meadow Sedgeland
Variety / Cultivar
None (Wild type/Native species)
Hardiness Zones
USDA Zones 5-9; dormant in winter, emerging in late spring as temperatures rise.
About This Grass
An upright, yellowish-green herbaceous perennial that typically reaches 8-20 inches in height. It features triangular stems (culms) characteristic of sedges and distinct globose (spherical) seed heads consisting of densely packed spikelets.
Blade Characteristics
Blades are yellowish-green, flat to V-shaped, and usually 3-6mm wide (medium to coarse). The stem is noticeably triangular. It lacks a true ligule typical of Poaceae, and auricles are absent. The base of the inflorescence is subtended by 3-8 long, leaf-like bracts.
Root System
Fibrous root system with short, thick rhizomes. Not a heavy thatch producer, but forms stable clumps. Excellent at stabilizing moist soils.
Growing Information
Origin Region
Native to Central and Eastern United States (New York to Florida, west to Texas and Kansas).
Growth Habit
Bunch-type/Clump-forming with short, inconspicuous rhizomes; produces distinct upright culms.
Sunlight & Water Needs
Full sun to partial shade; prefers moist to wet soils but exhibits moderate drought tolerance compared to other sedges. Prefers slightly acidic to neutral pH.
Mowing & Maintenance
Not typically mown as turf; if managed in a meadow, a high cut (4+ inches) in late winter is recommended to clear old growth. Low maintenance requirement.
Special Characteristics
Highly resistant to most turf diseases; salt tolerant; adaptable to compacted or poorly drained soils where true grasses struggle. Significant 'triangular stem' allows for easy identification by touch ('Sedges have edges').
Ecological Information
Native to North America. Provides seeds for game birds and waterfowl; serves as a larval host for various butterflies and moths. Important for erosion control in riparian zones and wet meadows.