Bermuda Grass
Cynodon dactylon · Warm-season, Perennial, C4
Grass Family
Poaceae, subfamily Chloridoideae, tribe Cynodonteae
Grass Category
Lawn/Turf Grass, Sports Turf, Erosion Control, transition zone weed
Variety / Cultivar
Common Bermuda Grass (likely volunteer or non-improved due to sparse growth)
Hardiness Zones
USDA Zones 7-10; enters straw-colored dormancy when temperatures drop below 50°F (10°C).
About This Grass
A low-growing, grey-green grass that spreads rapidly via above-ground runners and underground stems. In the image, it's shown in a sparse, newly establishing or drought-stressed state with visible thin stolons and widely spaced leaf clusters.
Blade Characteristics
Fine to medium width (2-3mm), flat or slightly folded, pointed tips, grey-green to dark green. Vernation is folded. Ligule is a fringe of hairs; auricles are absent.
Root System
Deep, fibrous root system extending several feet. Extensive rhizome network creates a heavy thatch layer and provides excellent drought recovery and wear tolerance.
Growing Information
Origin Region
African origin; naturalized globally in climates with hot summers and mild winters
Growth Habit
Stoloniferous and Rhizomatous; aggressive spreading habit once established, forming a dense mat
Sunlight & Water Needs
Full Sun (requires 6-8 hours); very poor shade tolerance. Low to moderate water needs once established; high drought tolerance due to dormancy capabilities.
Mowing & Maintenance
0.5 to 1.5 inches for common varieties. High frequency during peak summer. Requires high nitrogen (2-4 lbs N per 1000 sq ft per year) for optimal density.
Special Characteristics
Exceptional traffic tolerance and rapid recovery from damage. High salt tolerance. Can become invasive in garden beds due to rhizomes.
Ecological Information
Introduced in North America; provides soil stabilization for high-erosion areas. Minimal wildlife value. Often considered a weed in cool-season turf lawns.